Critiques have tended to focus mostly on the value of models for nursing practice but, increasingly, their place in nursing science is also being questioned. It is this paper that I chose to revisit for my contribution to this collection of articles by RCN Fellows.Īlthough nursing models have always had their sceptics, they are now subjected to more sustained criticism. In turn, I published a paper in 1998 in the Journal of Advanced Nursing under the title ‘Nursing models: extant or extinct?’. A paper by Reed in 1995 helped me to understand better the arguments and forced me to think hard about whether nursing models had any continuing role. The first nursing model in the UK was produced by Roper, Logan and Tierney, first published in 1980 in The Elements of Nursing.ĭespite interest in this model, the British nursing profession at large did not warm to the notion of models and theories and as the 1980s gave way to the 1990s the criticisms became more vociferous and more polarised. Although with varying emphases, their conceptual frameworks, otherwise called nursing models, all promoted the detachment of nursing from the traditional medical model towards a person-centred focus of care. Henderson, Johnson, Rogers, Orem, King, Neuman, Roy and Watson are among the best known. Arguably the work of America’s early nurse theorists from the 1950s onwards took nursing into a new paradigm. Now, for nursing worldwide, the SDGs are driving the agenda mapped out in the recently published State of the World’s Nursing report ( World Health Organization 2020).Īll paradigm shifts in health care impinge on nursing and they also can be shaped from within nursing itself. Various paradigm shifts have redirected the focus and ethos of health policy and health services over time: for example, the ‘managerialism’ that drove the health service reforms of the 1980s ( Griffiths 1983) the ‘evidence-based healthcare movement’ of the 1990s that demanded clinical decision-making be underpinned by research ( Muir Gray 1997) and, more recently, the shift from the overly narrow millennium development goals to more inclusive sustainable development goals (SDGs) for global health in the 21st century ( Benton and Shaffer 2016). As a result, from time to time, one paradigm loses influence and another ascends. Through research and scholarship, that body of knowledge is continuously clarified and refined. This distinct identity unifies its members and binds the body of knowledge that underpins their professional practice. Kuhn ( 1962) defines a paradigm as referring to the practices that define a scientific discipline and encapsulate the patterns, theories, standards and methods distinctive of that discipline at any particular time. Paradigm is not a word in nursing’s everyday vocabulary, but it is a relevant concept for any discipline.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |